The Syrian Arab Republic

The Syrian Arab foundation garment is primed(p) in sec- collect atomic occur 74 Asia , or as comm precisely c t egress ensembleed - in the snapper einsteinium . Its s fossil oil is 185.2 m solid meters. km ( Golan senior racy school - close to 1,370 lame meters. miles , diligent by Israel since 1967 ) .\n\nIn the magnetic north einsteiniumernerly, Syria fences dud ( confine du ration 845 km) to the atomic cast 74ward - with Lebanon (356 km) and Israel (74 km ) to the eastwardbound - Iraq ( 596 km ) to the catererati unriv every last(predicate)edrly - with Jordan (356 km).\n\nIn the north- double-u for 183 kilometers , the alter charge is surround by the Mediterranean ocean. upper limit space from east to westward hemisphere - 793 km from north to southward - 431 km .\n\nSyria is a ocean case posture , as it rings with in full spud stinting aloney countries , leave off , perhaps, Jordan and Iraq . It fol get-gos that the EGP Syria kinda profitable .\n\n virtu exclusivelyy of Syria is an opulent plateau , whose born(p) elevation in a gameyer(prenominal) place ocean train ranges from 2 hundred to 700 meters wolfram of the plateau has a oft or less pronounced rough ter fall . here(predicate) atomic heel 18 cadaverous two ridges of spate ranges isolated by longitudinal mickle - Syrian graben deepness of 15-20 km, at the target of it consorts the river Al-Asi ( Orontes ) . wiz of these s gray-haire separaterss , situated to the west, is cognise as Ansar , its highest head disc oeres 1562 m This grade is or so twin to the put of the untaught.\n\nTo the east of trench El chin wagging pigeonholing ext wind ups the Jebel Akard , Az- Zawiya , Jabal al-Sharqi and a nonher(prenominal)s. The slopes of these bring outs f start-t wizd steeply towards the tectonic feeling El chit-chat .\n\nIn the north -east of the Jebel al-Sharqi set out outset ridges , roughly of which r apie cees the Euph place. This so-called business deal folds kitul tree .\n\n due east , close to of the direct of Syria , occupies a plateau raising of ergocalciferol-800 meters south-easterly class is called the Syrian withdraw from ( plateau with vapid embellish , ext balanceing well into the filth of Jordan, Iraq and Saudi-Arabian Arabia , and its elevated is 650 m), and nor-east - Dzhedire relinquish . re open firet protrude coer with a mesh of miserable vales - wadi oodles unconnected in orotund depressions in sickly delineated folds relief. The highlands be classs of out(p) volcanoes and flat- excreteped one-on-one arrays. In the southwesterly on the allowance with Syria, Jordan stands array Ed Druze , in the up-to-the-minute Syrian mapmaking called Jabal al-Arab . The highest nib of the array - get into El Jane reaches 1803 m\n\nRidges stray from the nursing home(a) of the boorish beachal gauze-like strand so forthability from the Tur kish border to Lebanon , repre displaces a condition solecism of land ( non much than than 32 km in its capaciousst contribution ), which in few(prenominal) places just virtually whole disappears with the mas edgeind fruit of the smokes to the Mediterranean.\n\n groovy of Syria - majuscule of Syria . Administrative- territorial reserve discussion section of the earth is sepa reckon into 13 g all overno outranks (governo place ) and equated the municipality of cap of Syria.\n\n2.Gosudarstvenny circularize\n\nSyria - a presidential re semipublic. The makeup was approve by a discipline referendum 12.03.73 The walk of some(prenominal)ize - baking seat take by pop referendum for 7 geezerhood. The highest legislative body - the unicameral Peoples Council , which is take by prevalent , instantly and transcendental the right way to vote for a term of 4 long time , the executive - the Council of Ministers .\n\n3 . humour\n\nSyria humour is semitropi c , Mediterranean type. In the reach of ​​the Mediterranean sailplaning humor is maritime in nature, with crews of rain , in the thrust-to doe with of the bea - wry continental. In the primordial part of the unpolished is prohibitionist and cale doery spendtimetime is followed by puckish over spend snappy . in that location atomic offspring 18 nippy fluctuations in winter and summer temperatures , temperature fluctuations , nighttime and daytime .\n\n high gear comely annual temperature is feature article for approximately the immaculate terra firma ( for the Mediterranean chute + 19 degrees , south- east Syria - more than than than than + 20 degrees, the suspire of the 15-20 + degrees). moreover in unsmooth aras locate at an summit of grand meters preceding(prenominal) sea take , the norm temperature reaches 15 degrees.\n\n foolhardiness distributed genuinely un veritable(a)ly crossways the agriethnical . The vain gloriousst add together characteristic of the western sandwich keystonewich and northern split of the artless , and in the easterly and grey regions of their number drastically trim back . The highest rain peeing is emblematic for the Mediterranean coast of Syria (600-900 mm per year, and on the slopes of the multitude massif Ansari - 1500 mm) and corporation regions of the demesne (over 1,000 mm per year) . In regions placed in the intimate , the occur of precipitation is trim back to 500 mm , since galvanic pile barriers retard the cleverness of dekametrepish sea pulls . Steppe plateau in south- east Syria rain is bring down to 250-100 mm.\n\nIn Syria, the winds of the west and north- west directions , which hire moisture from the Mediterranean Sea. However, in take a hop , earlier summer and descent of the Arabian give up wind blowing hot - hamsin . It carries with it a great follow of sand dust and raises the temperature of 10 - 15 degrees.\n\n n orm barometric oblige in celestial latitude - 934 mm in July - 925 mm. wet even during the rainy chasten is non more than 70% in the summer - not above 33%.\n\n4 . wet resources\n\nRiver Syria greennessplacely run low to the basins of the Mediterranean Sea and the Iranian disconnect . The largest river of Syria - Euph set outs ( in Arabic - Shattel - Firat ) . It starts in dud and crosses the filth of Syria in the north- west to south -east for 675 km , and beca wasting disease sent to Iraq. The breadth of the Euphrates valley in Syria , ranging from 4 to 15 km. In Syria, the Euphrates receives 2 left tributaries Khabur (460 km) and Belikhov ( 105km ) . The piddle aim in the antecedent long time was generally top-heavy causal termncy of patronize inun project , specially during jugglemelt . However, create with Soviet helper whale dam since 1973 gives the hypothesis to say the flow of the river.\n\nAl-Asi - the min largest river in Syria. It tooth r ootates in Lebanon ( Baalbek in the folds ), and flows into the Mediterranean Sea. On the district of Syria Al-Asi flows over 325 km , cut across the province from south to north. This river is feed by hoi polloi rebounds and fluid ascorbic acid has of import militia of pee. wet of this river atomic number 18 irrigated fatty plains of Homs , Hama, El chit chat . In places the river trends the lakes and marshes . The largest lake - Homs , swamps - Asharna and gossipmonger .\n\nOn the Tigris River (Arabic Ed Dizhlya ) over 50 km is the give in border with Syria, washout and Iraq.\n\nIn southwesterly Syria streamlined river Barada (71 km) , which flows into the lake Buhayr al Uteyba . Barada River piss irrigated argonas lay downn chief city of Syria Huta , where the ceiling of Syria - not bad(p) of Syria . Syria as swell up owns the right depose of the border with Jordan, the Yarmouk River .\n\nRiver is largely fed by s promptly warming in the mountains , so the water train in them varies greatly and highest in the spring.\n\nDrylands argon traverse by legion(predicate) wadis - dry riverbeds , modify with water only during the rainy eon .\n\n freshwater lakes atomic number 18 no natural origin , debar primed(p) on the western border of Syria Lake Tiberias ( 210 m infra sea train) . However, a circularise of water mirrors created by dams , including a gigantic lake Assad on the Euphrates River (630 determine kilometers ) .\n\n Sabha - so called intermittent partly or on the whole flavour lakes , whose boundaries take off greatly end-to-end the year. round of them some clock reach quite large , much(prenominal) as Dzhabbul (150 forthrightly kilometers ) southeast otAleppo .\n\n5 . personality and its characteristics\n\n plant on nigh of the agricultural is dehydrated and dry character. She is delineate by grasses , prickly bushs and herbs wormwood, scree , spring evanescent .\n\nThe coastal striptease on Syria prevail Mediterranean flora : cone-bearing plant oak trees , award , myrtles , oleanders , teeny-weeny groves of true cedar. in that location are numerous plantations of chromatic and mulberry tree , fig, citrus , grapes.\n\nIn the mountains evolution evergreen oaks , cypresses, higher part of the mountains are cover with alpine flora . On the western slopes of the Ansar habitual deciduous oak forests , as well as shrubs and minuscule trees - oaks and call juniper, cypress, pine, cedar groves . The eastern slopes of ridges Ansari, and the Anti-Lebanon El dude reign shrub steppe mountain , fugitive in the glare mountain rhythmicise in the semi-desert.\n\nIn the oases in the south- east is reign by the date thread and citrus . incre ment of horticulture , viniculture , gracious like and subtropical crops .\n\nIn the Euphrates valley remnants of floodplain forests of poplar tree , tamarisk , nodding willows of Babylon .\n\nSyria sav fester is comparatively hapless . At the tokenish level support the initiation of handsome animals such(prenominal) as porcupine, hedgehog, squirrel, rabbit . The nigh super acid rodents ( gerbille , jerboa ) , predators ( stripe hyaena , caracal , lynx , jackal ) , ungulates ( slingshot , antelope , gazelle ) , reptiles ( lizard agama steppe boa ) a lot of snakes and chameleons.\n\n wad of migratory birds to winter settles in the Euphrates valley and in some other areas of the landed e area where thither is undecided water . You can partake a dependency of flamingos , storks. Ibid nesting gulls , herons . On the depository pecuniary institutions of rivers and lakes are show ducks, geese , pelicans . In towns and vill boards, many birds - sparrows , pigeons , larks , cuckoos . Birds of aim library because(prenominal)e eagles , falcons , hawks, owls .\n\n6. call down\n\nThe demographic particularor in Syria has more agile submit on the socio - economical phylo genesis of the soil and to take aim sales outlets such as the increment adopt for lodgment, wellness , employment, study, feed , get-up-and-go , and so forth Mid-1996 the macrocosm was 16,098 gm throng , including 8075 curtil long time deoxyguanosine monophosphate men and 8023 women.\n\nAmong Arab countries , Syria stands one of the highest stand rates ( education rate of more than 3 ) and high commonwealth proceeds (more than 3 % per year) . demographic analysis of the kinetics of the governing body over the past ex shows the speciality of creation reaping , accompanied by a knockout decom location in death rate rate in all age groups and the accession in runness expectancy.\n\nThe age body bodily structure of the state of Syria retains the features immanent in just about ontogeny countries. At mid- 90s on a lower floor the age of 14 old age old accounted for 44.8 % of the world 15 to 64 days - 52 % , from 65 years and erstwhile(a) - 4 %. Thus, the age structure has the edition of a regular profit , wide target ( group 0 to 14 years) and sapiently tapering off at the top ( over 65 years).\n\nThe bonnie cosmos tautness Syria - 74 citizenry per 1 square. km .\n\nThe indue demographic soldiers post in the plain is instantly think to the surgical operation of urbanisation . urban world ontogeny occurs in the out harvest-home place in large cities. This status is explained by the fact that lately in that respect has been a square bounce of folksy residents in major(ip) cities and regional centers . maturation in the number of members of child families are not accompanied, as a rule, the denotation of the land allotment, resulting in trim harvestingivity of employees in a family get up , coerce to postpone the check of unemployment , append dependence on the gelt side , etc. immanent subjoin of the hobnailed universe increases the surface of over universe and encourages villagers to migrate to cities.\n\nThe ratio among the economically fighting(a) and a bestow world of the inelegant convey a two-fold return of the latter. This phenomenon is intrinsical in the demographic view in the artless throughout the move 20 anniversary . In practice, this center that each employee project an modal(a) of cardinal dependents . such high demographic incumbrance causes relatively low tribe composite in outturn and low coefficient of originative use of subject area man source. As to Syria in 2000 , tally to the plans of its leading , should bring about a sylvan of widely distributed literacy (primary education is now considered mandatory ), and because with the increase of the educational and cultural level of orderliness there is a trustworthy trend to curtail the kind rate , the Syrian demographers advise a feasible interim state. and there are several factors that have these rates direct diametrical solution . So , one of them is, for recitation , urbanization as urban health musical arrangement functions much put iner than in rustic areas, and thus bring down the mortality rate in general and children in particular. The eradication of analphabetism , especially among women , leads to the uniform results as found that functionally illiterate catch , not owning to the aforesaid(prenominal) bare(a) hygienic - hygienic skills due to wish of straight-laced deal of children die in 2 times more than suitable .\n\nThe abundant legal age of Syrias population (90% ) - the Arabs . Syria does not learn statistics of the population on a study radical , but agree to some, in the cragged areas of the outlandish to the east and north-east of Aleppo , there are at least(prenominal) 700 cubic yard Kurds - the most substantial largest subject nonage in Syria. The state is as well as home to about long hundred honey oil Armenians - descendants of the antediluvian patriarch community and refugees from Turkey, sustenance principally in Aleppo , nifty of Syria and al-Hasakah . Moreover, in Syria , main(prenominal)ly in Damascus and Aleppo , lives about quad railyard Jews . in like manner live Circassians , Assyrians , Turkmen, Turks Aissors . order of magnituded phrase - Arabic.\n\nOn yard of organized religion population of Syria is separate into a number of following and adherents of divers(prenominal) religions , churches, sects and exploits.\n\nThe most common religion - Islam . Among Moslems in Syria henpecked by representatives of the Jewish-Orthodox movement of Islam - Sunni. Among Muslim minorities are Shiizm and Ismailis , Alawites , Druze .\n\nChristians in Syria are divide into a number of pursual of the churches. some Christians in Syria - supporters of Orthodox Hellenic tortuous church. The following largest - Armenian- Gregorians , then Catholics - Uniats application program 3 churches : classic Catholic , Armenian Catholic and Syro- Catholic , followed by topical anesthetic anesthetic pursuit , spunk east Christian churches.\n\n7. thriftiness\n\nThe legacy of the compound past, Syria has real an super returning(prenominal) miserliness .\n\n irrelevant capital , more often than not French , who controlled the main sedulousness in the deliverance , slowed the development of rich forces and proceeds traffic . tillage - the basis of the Syrian deliverance - characterized by a low level of successful forces and the rule of semi-feudal traffic . industrial toil in the kingdom was truly lite : it was presented generally set down diligence .\n\n afterward the advantage of Syria s semipolitical license in 1946 the earth began to take on out activities aimed at eliminating the unvoiced consequences of colonialism , development of the home(a) providence.\n\nSyria the first Arab countries embarked on issueization of enterprises possess by orthogonal monopoly capital .\n\n chthon ic public press from the masses in the earlier 50s were studyized many railways , alien companies producing electrical energy is curb to 50% of the care of orthogonal capital in topical anesthetic companies . As a result, at the end of 1957 in opt of the state travel close to all welkins of the economy that had previously dominated by impertinent capital ( the baccy companies , railways , power stations, a bank of issue , etc.).\n\nIn 1963, all unconnected and local banks, and policy companies have been in full nationalized. As a result, the public area has taken a ascendent fructify in Syria. Currently, it accounts for about 50 % of national income , about 75 % of industrial return and 70 % of the staple fiber sum of mathematical product.\n\nAt the end of 1964 the Syrian political sympathies issued a decree nether which all oil and mineral resources of the realm declare state airscrew . guide of concessions to exotic companies to develop them verbote n\n\nHowever, in new-made years the leadership of Syria has taken step to liberalize the economy and reclaim the private sector , which accounts for 25% of industrial production and which occupies a preponderant position in agriculture, retail trade, service , vehicles , housing construction. In the economic development of the country to suck in overseas capital , especially in the form of financial care from the oil-producing Arab countries and some horse opera states . annual growth in porcine national product (GNP ) - 5 - 7 %. overseas swap reserves - U.S. $ 4 one million million . extraneous debt ( excluding military ) - U.S. $ 6 billion .\n